Mobilizations and manipulations are performed by chiropractic physicians, and fall under the category of manual therapy. Chiropractors refer to these mobilizations and manipulations as chiropractic adjustments.

Joint mobilization consist of passive movements, usually applied as a series of gentle stretches in a smooth, rhythmic fashion to the spine and/or extremities. Mobilizations may be administered in various angles, gradations, and degrees of pressure. Depending on the intent of the doctor and the condition of the patient, mobilizations can be used for very sensitive or acute patients to initiate more normal movement, to relieve pain and gently improve the range of motion of stiff joints, or for stretching tight tissues and restoring range in more chronic situations.

Manipulations require a high velocity and low amplitude force into the joint, and are frequently associated with an audible “pop” sound. This sound is what is commonly referred to as a “cracking” sound. This sound is not harmful and is similar to the sound made by “cracking your knuckles”. What actually makes the sound is gas escaping from the joint capsule, which can lead to an improve range of motion in that joint. Like mobilizations, manipulations increase the available range if it is not full. Secondly, manipulations are done to break adhesions that may disrupt joint movement.

There are very specific guidelines to follow when considering joint manipulation versus joint mobilization as a treatment technique. The doctors will decide which type of adjustment is right for you based on your unique individual needs. Overall studies confirm that mobilizations and manipulations are very safe, gentle, and effective.